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Robertson


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Who are the Donnachaidhs, the "Children of Duncan"? Their ancestors were known to the Romans as the Kaledonioi, one of the eleven tribes of the northern Pictish nation. The Kaledonioi inhabited that part of Scotland now known as Atholl in Perthshire. One of the first recorded entries on this people occurred in the year 84 A.D., when they fought in the great battle known as Mons Graupius against th.....


Heraldry Database: Montgomery

Montgomery







Surname:  Montgomery
Branch:  Montgomery
Origins:  Scottish
More Info:  Scotland

Background:  The Montgomerys are a Lowland clan of Anglo-Norman origin. Roger de Montgomery called "The Great" was father to another Roger, born about 1030 who was joint Regent of Normandy when William the Conqueror invaded England in 1066. Montgomery followed King William to England where he was created Earl of Arundel, he was later made Earl of Shropshire or Shrewsbury and the county of Montgomery is named after him. The first of the family in Scotland was Robert de Montgomerie who obtained a grant of the lands of Eaglesham in Renfrewshire, for some time the principal home of the Montgomeries. His descendant John Montgomerie of Eaglesham was the distinguished warrior who captured Henry Percy called Hotspur at the Battle of Otterburn in 1388. With Percy's ransom he built the castle of Polnoon as well as acquiring the lands of Eglinton and Ardrossan through his marriage to Elizabeth of Eglinton. His grandson, Sir Alexander was created Lord Montgomerie and became a member of the King's council. Hugh, t he 3rd Lord Montgomerie was created Earl of Eglinton in 1507. He was amongst those who opposed James III and fought at Sauchieburn in 1488, where the king lost his life. He also received the Isle of Arran with the custody of Brodick Castle. The 2nd Earl remained a devout Catholic at the Reformation and fought on the side of Mary Queen of Scots at her final defeat at Langside in 1568. He was declared guilty of treason and imprisoned in Doune Castle. When he was released he tried to secure the safety and toleration of Catholics in the wake of the Reformation. Ironically his daughter Lady Margaret married Robert Seton, 1st Earl of Winton, a loyal Covenantor in the wars of Charles I and it was their son, Alexander Seton who took the name Montgomerie who became the 6th Earl of Eglinton. He was also a Presbyterian supporter and followed Charles II. He was imprisoned for his Royalist sympathies by General Monk in 1659 after the death of Cromwell however in the following year it was Monk himself who restored the monarch to his throne. The 9th Earl was one of the Privy Council of King William and later Queen Anne and during the rebellion of 1715 actively promoted the training of the fencible men of Ayrshire. The 11th Earl raised the 77th Foot Highlanders. The 13th Earl was renowned for his celebrated tournament at Eglinton Castle in 1839. The Montgomeries and the Cunninghams had one of the longest running feuds in Scotland; in the 16th century Eglinton House was burnt and the 4th Earl was killed by Cunninghams, finally it was resolved by the government.


Motto:  Dexter Garde bien, Watch well.
Arms:  Quarterly, 1st & 4th grand quaters, counterquartered, (I) & (IV) Azure three fleurs de lis Or (Montogmerie); (II) & (III) three annulets Or, stoned Azure (Eglinton); all within a bordure Or charged with a double tressue flory counterflory Gules; 2nd & 3rd grand quarters, counterquartered, (I) & (IV) Or, three cresents within a double tressure flory counterflory Gules (Seton); (II) & (III) Azure, three garbs Or (Buchan), overall an escutcheon parted per pale Gules and Azure, the dexter charged with a sword in pale Proper, pommelled and hilted Or, supporting an imperial crown, the sinister charged with a star of twelve points Argent, all within a double tressure flory counterflory Gold.
Crest:  Dexter, a lady dressed in ancient apparel Azure holding in her dexter hand an anchor and in her sinister the head of a savage couped suspended by the hair all Proper; sinister, issuing from a ducal coronet Or, a wyvern vomiting fire his wings elevated Proper.
Supporters:  Two wyverns vomiting fire Proper.
Badge:  A female holding an anchor in her right hand and a savage's head in her left.


View the Heraldry Dictionary for help.






Athough the actual derivation of this name is obscure, the Norman family who bore it held the Castle of Sainte Foy de Montgomery at Lisieux. One tradition asserts that the name refers to a hill and a Roman Commander called Gomericus. Roger de Mundegumbrie, whose mother was the niece of the great-grandmother of William the Conqueror, accompanied his kinsman on the invasion of England and commanded the van at Hastings in 1066. He was rewarded with Chichester, Arundel and the Earldom of Shrewsbury. He soon consolidated his possessions, and then invaded Wales, where he captured the Castle of Baldwin, to which he gave his own name of Montgomery. There was later to be not only a town, but an entire county of this name.

The first Montgomery who appears on record in Scotland is Robert, who obtained the lands of Eaglesham in Renfrewshire. He appears as a witness in a charter to the Monastery of Paisley around 1165. It is generally supposed that Robert, a grandson of Earl Roger, accompanied Walter Fitz-Alan the first High Steward of Scotland, when he came to Scotland to take possession of lands conferred upon him by David I. Eight centuries later the Montgomerys still held lands in Renfrew and Ayrshire. John de Montgomery and his brother are listed on the Ragman Roll, rendering homage to Edward I of England for their estates in 1296. A later Sir John, the seventh Baron of Eaglesham, was one of the heroes of the Battle of Otterburn in 1388, capturing Sir Henry Percy the renowned Hotspur. According a vivid Borders ballad, Hotspur and Montgomery met in hand-to-hand combat, and Montgomery carried the day. The Percys paid a great ransom for the release of Hotspur, building for Montgomery the castle of Polnoon. The hero of Otterburn cemented his good fortune by marrying the heiress of Sir Hugh Eglinton, thereby acquiring the Barony of Eglinton and Ardrossan. His son, Sir John Montgomery of Ardrossan, was one of the hostages for James I, and took for his second wife Margaret, the daughter of Maxwell of Caerlaverock. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Alexander, a member of the king’s council who was sent on several important missions to England. He was created Lord Montgomery sometime prior to 31 January 1449. Hugh, the third Lord Montgomery, supported Prince James in rebellion against his father, James Ill, and fought at the Battle of Sauchieburn in 1488. Montgomery was rewarded with the grant for life of the island of Arran and the keepership of Brodick Castle. More honours followed, and in the year after Sauchieburn he was made baillie of Bute and Cunningham. But Cunningham was claimed by the Glencairns, and a feud arose during which Eglinton Castle was burned. In either 1507 or 1508, Lord Montgomery was created Earl of Eglinton. He escaped the carnage of Flodden Field in September 1513, and was part of the Parliament at Perth in October of that year which proclaimed the infant James V king. Hugh, the second Earl, succeeded his grandfather in June 1545, but died a year later and his son, another Hugh, became the third Earl. A devout Catholic, the Earl rejected the Reformation and staunchly supported Mary, Queen of Scots, throughout her troubled reign.

He fought for her at the Battle of Langside, where he was taken prisoner. He was imprisoned and declared guilty of treason, but remained unrepentant until 1571, when he was convinced to accept James VI. He sat in the Parliament in Stirling in September of that year. Twice married, he died in 1585, leaving two sons and two daughters. His daughter, Margaret, married Robert, Earl of Winton, and their son was later to succeed as the sixth Earl of Eglinton.

Margaret’s brother, the fourth Earl, fell victim to his family’s ancient enmity with the Cunninghams of Glencairn. In 1586 the earl was riding from Eglinton to Stirling when he was attacked by John Cunningham, brother of the Earl of Glencairn, with several of his close kinsmen and retainers. Eglinton was shot dead, probably by John Cunningham of Colbeith. The Montgomerys on discovering the murder, killed every Cunningham that came in their path. Colbeith was pursued, and when captured was cut to pieces on the spot. The infant who succeeded his murdered father as fifth Earl was brought up by his maternal uncle, Robert Boyd of Badenheath. He was a favourite of James VI. When he died without issue, the Eglinton title passed to Alexander Seton as heir of line. A rigid Protestant, the new Earl of Eglinton could not accept the religious policies of Charles I, and he fought in the Army of the Covenant during the civil war. He was able to accept Charles II, who had agreed to his Scottish subjects’ terms concerning religion, and he was made a colonel of the King’s Lifeguard of Cavalry. He was captured at Dumbarton and remained imprisoned in Berwick until the Restoration in 1660.

The thirteenth Earl organised the celebrated tournament at Eglinton Castle in 1839 which set out to recapture the spectacle of medieval jousting. The present chief is the eighteenth Earl of Eglinton and ninth Earl of Winton.

Name Variations:  Eglington, Eglinton, Eglintoun, Eglunstone, Eglynton, Eglyntone, Eglyntoun, Eglyntoune, Gaemory, Garmory, Garmurie, Garmury, Germory, Germurie, MacCuimrid, MacGarmorie, MacGarmory, MacGermorie, MacGomerie, MacGomery, MacGumeraitt, Makgarmory, Mongumre, Mongumrie, Montegomorry, Montegoumeri, Montgomerie, Montgomery, Montgomrie, Montgomry, Montgumery, Montgumre, Montgumrie, Montgumry, Montgumrye, Montgurie, Monthgumry, Mountgomrie, Mundgumbry, Mundgumri, Mungumbry, Mungumre, Mungumri, Mungumry, Muntgomery .

References:
One or more of the following publications has been referenced for this article.
The General Armory; Sir Bernard Burke - 1842.
A Handbook of Mottoes; C.N. Elvin - 1860.
Scottish Clans and Tartans; Neil Grant - 2000.
Scottish Clan and Family Encyclopedia; George Way of Plean and Romilly Squire - 1994.
Scottish Clans and Tartans; Ian Grimble - 1973.
World Tartans; Iain Zaczek - 2001.
Clans and Families of Scotland; Alexander Fulton - 1991.










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